Economic Transformation in Vietnam Vietnam is a country undergoing transformation from a centrally planned socialist economy to a system that is more market orientated. The transformation dates back to 1986, a decade after the end of the Vietnam War that reunited the north and south of the country under Communist rule. At that time, Vietnam was one of the poorest countries in the world. Per capita income stood at just $100 per person, poverty was endemic, price inflation exceeded 700 percent, and the Communist Party exercised tight control over most forms of economic and political life. To compound matters, Vietnam struggled under a trade embargo imposed by the United States after the end of the Vietnam War.
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